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  <div class="section" id="id1">
<h1>验证码辅助函数<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
<p>验证码辅助函数文件包含了一些帮助你创建验证码图片的函数。</p>
<div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id2" id="id6">加载辅助函数</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id3" id="id7">使用验证码辅助函数</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id4" id="id8">添加到数据库</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id5" id="id9">可用函数</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="custom-index container"></div><div class="section" id="id2">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">加载辅助函数</a><a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>该辅助函数通过下面的代码加载:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;captcha&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id3">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">使用验证码辅助函数</a><a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>辅助函数加载之后你可以像下面这样生成一个验证码图片:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$vals</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;word&#39;</span>      <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Random word&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;img_path&#39;</span>  <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;./captcha/&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;img_url&#39;</span>   <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;http://example.com/captcha/&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;font_path&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;./path/to/fonts/texb.ttf&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;img_width&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;150&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;img_height&#39;</span>    <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;expiration&#39;</span>    <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">7200</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;word_length&#39;</span>   <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;font_size&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;img_id&#39;</span>    <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Imageid&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;pool&#39;</span>      <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>

    <span class="c1">// White background and border, black text and red grid</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;colors&#39;</span>    <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
        <span class="s1">&#39;background&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">),</span>
        <span class="s1">&#39;border&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">),</span>
        <span class="s1">&#39;text&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span>
        <span class="s1">&#39;grid&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">);</span>

<span class="nv">$cap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">create_captcha</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$vals</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$cap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;image&#39;</span><span class="p">];</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<ul class="simple">
<li>验证码辅助函数需要使用 GD 图像库。</li>
<li>只有 <strong>img_path</strong> 和 <strong>img_url</strong> 这两个参数是必须的。</li>
<li>如果没有提供 <strong>word</strong> 参数，该函数将生成一个随机的 ASCII 字符串。
你也可以使用自己的词库，从里面随机挑选。</li>
<li>如果你不设置 TRUE TYPE 字体（译者注：是主要的三种计算机矢量字体之一）的路径，将使用 GD 默认的字体。</li>
<li>&quot;captcha&quot; 目录必须是可写的。</li>
<li><strong>expiration</strong> 参数表示验证码图片在删除之前将保留多久（单位为秒），默认保留 2 小时。</li>
<li><strong>word_length</strong> 默认值为 8， <strong>pool</strong> 默认值为 '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'</li>
<li><strong>font_size</strong> 默认值为 16，GD 库的字体对大小有限制，如果字体大小需要更大一点的话可以设置一种 TRUE TYPE 字体。</li>
<li><strong>img_id</strong> 将会设置为验证码图片的 &quot;id&quot; 。</li>
<li><strong>colors</strong> 数组中如果有某个颜色未设置，将使用默认颜色。</li>
</ul>
<div class="section" id="id4">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8">添加到数据库</a><a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h3>
<p>使用验证码函数是为了防止用户胡乱提交，要做到这一点，你需要将 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">create_captcha()</span></tt> 函数返回的信息保存到数据库中。
然后，等用户提交表单数据时，通过数据库中保存的数据进行验证，并确保它没有过期。</p>
<p>这里是数据表的一个例子:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nx">CREATE</span> <span class="nx">TABLE</span> <span class="nx">captcha</span> <span class="p">(</span>
    <span class="nx">captcha_id</span> <span class="nx">bigint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">13</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="nx">unsigned</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span> <span class="nx">auto_increment</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="nx">captcha_time</span> <span class="nx">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="nx">unsigned</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="nx">ip_address</span> <span class="nx">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="nx">word</span> <span class="nx">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="nx">PRIMARY</span> <span class="nx">KEY</span> <span class="sb">`captcha_id`</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`captcha_id`</span><span class="p">),</span>
    <span class="nx">KEY</span> <span class="sb">`word`</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`word`</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>这里是使用数据库的示例。在显示验证码的那个页面，你的代码类似于下面这样:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;captcha&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$vals</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;img_path&#39;</span>  <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;./captcha/&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;img_url&#39;</span>   <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;http://example.com/captcha/&#39;</span>
<span class="p">);</span>

<span class="nv">$cap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">create_captcha</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$vals</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;captcha_time&#39;</span>  <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="nv">$cap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;time&#39;</span><span class="p">],</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;ip_address&#39;</span>    <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">ip_address</span><span class="p">(),</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;word&#39;</span>      <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="nv">$cap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;word&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">);</span>

<span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">insert_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;captcha&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$query</span><span class="p">);</span>

<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Submit the word you see below:&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$cap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;image&#39;</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; name=&quot;captcha&quot; value=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>然后在处理用户提交的页面，处理如下:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c1">// First, delete old captchas</span>
<span class="nv">$expiration</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">time</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">7200</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">// Two hour limit</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">where</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;captcha_time &lt; &#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$expiration</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;captcha&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>

<span class="c1">// Then see if a captcha exists:</span>
<span class="nv">$sql</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;SELECT COUNT(*) AS count FROM captcha WHERE word = ? AND ip_address = ? AND captcha_time &gt; ?&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$binds</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;captcha&#39;</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">ip_address</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="nv">$expiration</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$sql</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$binds</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$row</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$query</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">row</span><span class="p">();</span>

<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$row</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">count</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
    <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">&#39;You must submit the word that appears in the image.&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id5">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9">可用函数</a><a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>该辅助函数有下列可用函数：</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="create_captcha">
<tt class="descname">create_captcha</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$data = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$img_path = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$img_url = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$font_path = ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#create_captcha" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">参数:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$data</strong> (<em>array</em>) -- Array of data for the CAPTCHA</li>
<li><strong>$img_path</strong> (<em>string</em>) -- Path to create the image in</li>
<li><strong>$img_url</strong> (<em>string</em>) -- URL to the CAPTCHA image folder</li>
<li><strong>$font_path</strong> (<em>string</em>) -- Server path to font</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">返回:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">array('word' =&gt; $word, 'time' =&gt; $now, 'image' =&gt; $img)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">返回类型:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">array</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>根据你提供的一系列参数生成一张验证码图片，返回包含此图片信息的数组。</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;image&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">IMAGE</span> <span class="nx">TAG</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;time&#39;</span>  <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">TIMESTAMP</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">in</span> <span class="nb">microtime</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;word&#39;</span>  <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">CAPTCHA</span> <span class="nx">WORD</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>image</strong> 就是一个 image 标签:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nx">img</span> <span class="nx">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;http://example.com/captcha/12345.jpg&quot;</span> <span class="nx">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;140&quot;</span> <span class="nx">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;50&quot;</span> <span class="o">/&gt;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>time</strong> 是一个毫秒级的时间戳，作为图片的文件名（不带扩展名）。就像这样：1139612155.3422</p>
<p><strong>word</strong> 是验证码图片中的文字，如果在函数的参数中没有指定 word 参数，这将是一个随机字符串。</p>
</dd></dl>

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